Abstract: Single-electron transistor (SET) is a key element of current research area of nanotechnology. The aim of this paper is to discuss about the basic physics of nano electronic device ‘Single electron transistor [SET]’ which is capable of controlling the transport of only one electron. The SET's physical size is quite small and its performance, such as ON-OFF current ratio, improves as its size is reduced. The SET is therefore thought to be a promising device for large-scale and low-power integrated circuits. In addition, its current characteristics are unique and much different from those of conventional transistors. The goal of this paper is to review in brief the basic physics of nano-electronic device single-electron Transistor [SET] as well as prospective applications.The most promising applications for SET's are charge-sensing applications.

Keywords: SET, structure of SET,Quantum Dot, coulomb blockade, coulomb staircase